2021
R.F. Allegri, P. Chrem Mendez, M.J. Russo, G. Cohen, I. Calandri, J. Campos, F. Nahas, E. Surace, S. Vazquez, G. Sevlever
Biomarcatori della malattia di Alzheimer nel deterioramento cognitivo lieve: esperienza in una clinica della memoria
Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular
Article number: 14-28
Page Range: 3.8
L’articolo afferisce alla branca della medicina nucleare, ove la figura del TSRM è di ruolo chiave in tutte le fasi della procedura dell’esame diagnostico. L’obiettivo di questo studio mira a indagare il ruolo e la prognosi dei biomarcatori della malattia di Alzheimer in pazienti con decadimento cognitivo lieve (MCI) presso una clinica della memoria in America Latina. Metodi Abbiamo studiato 89 pazienti con MCI, 43 con demenza di tipo Alzheimer e 18 controlli sani (abbinati per età, sesso e livello di istruzione) presso la nostra clinica della memoria (Instituto FLENI) a Buenos Aires, in Argentina. I pazienti e i controlli sono stati sottoposti a un’ampia valutazione demografica, neurologica e neuropsicologica. Tutti i soggetti sono stati sottoposti a risonanza magnetica cerebrale; scansione FDG-PET; scansione PET dell’amiloide; genotipizzazione dell’apolipoproteina E; e le concentrazioni nel liquido cerebrospinale di Aβ1-42, tau e tau fosforilata. I pazienti sono stati classificati come positivi o negativi per la presenza di patologia amiloide e neurodegenerazione. Risultati La patologia amiloide è stata osservata nei risultati del liquido cerebrospinale nel 18% dei controlli, nel 64% dei pazienti con MCI e nel 92% dei pazienti con demenza di tipo Alzheimer. La fisiopatologia sospetta non di Alzheimer è stata trovata nell’11% dei controlli, nel 6% dei pazienti con MCI e nell’8% dei pazienti con demenza di tipo Alzheimer. A 30 mesi di follow-up, il 45% dei pazienti amiloide-positivi con MCI e il 20% dei pazienti amiloide-negativi con MCI hanno mostrato una progressione verso la demenza. La stesura porta come conclusione che questo studio dimostra la prognosi dell’MCI basata su biomarcatori e supporta il suo ruolo nel processo decisionale clinico nella pratica quotidiana.
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